＜抄録＞　人口減少と担い手不足に対する下水道事業の政策として、広域化・共同化、ウォーターPPPを紹介する。また、これらに関連して国総研が B-DASHプロジェクトとして実施してきた技術を併せて紹介する。

This report discusses policies of regionalization and coalition and the Public Private Partnership about Water Business（Water PPP）, designed to address the challenges of population decline and labor shortages in sewerage services. The report also highlights related technologies that the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management of Japan has utilized in the Breakthrough by Dynamic Approach in Sewage High Technology（B-DASH）Project.

＜抄録＞　人口減少時代に対応するため、土砂災害対策を実施すべき場所の的確な把握、ならびに人口や人口密度の減少が進行する地域においても土砂災害安全度を維持・向上させることを視野に進められている研究について紹介する。

In this report, we introduce two types of research in sediment-related disaster management currently underway to address the challenges Japan faces due to a decreasing population. One aims to accurately identify locations requiring landslide disaster prevention measures, and the other focuses on maintaining and improving landslide safety levels in areas experiencing population or population density declines.

＜抄録＞　全国各地の水防団を悩ませる団員数減少及び団員の高齢化の現状を踏まえて、ICT技術を活用した水防活動支援情報共有システムを開発した。開発で得られた成果を社会に還元するために取り組んでいる社会実装方策の調査検討状況及び今後の展望について紹介する。

Across Japan, the members of flood fighting brigades are rapidly aging, and their numbers are decreasing. In response to this situation, we have developed an ICT technology-assisted information-sharing system that supports them in their flood fighting activities. We have also been studying strategies to effectively implement the findings gained through this technological development in society. This report outlines the new system and presents the progress and outlook of our efforts to implement it.

＜抄録＞　技術者不足と災害激甚化のため、人手がかかり危険も多い浮子を用いた洪水時の流量観測が実施できない河川が増えており、安全で欠測が少なく計測できる電波流速計・画像処理型流速計測法など非接触型流量観測への移行が進みつつある。本稿では浮子から非接触型へのスムースな移行のための、浮子と非接触型の計測差要因検証の取組みと、非接触型の高精度な計測手順検討の取組みを紹介する。

Due to a shortage of engineers and increasingly severe hazards, conducting discharge observations using floats, which are labor- intensive and hazardous, has become more challenging in many rivers across Japan during flooding. As a result, there has been a shift towards non-contact discharge observation methods, such as introducing radar velocity meters or image velocimeter（STIV）This report explains our efforts to facilitate a smooth transition from the float-based style to the non-contact style, focusing on identifying the causes for discrepancies between the two types and sorting out procedures for accurate observations using the non-contact methods.

＜抄録＞　施工の省人化を実現する取組みとして、国土技術政策総合研究所において実施している工程進捗データ流通環境の構築等のICT施工の高度化に関する研究及び、土木研究所において実施している建設機械が自動で作業を行う「自動施工」の研究開発を促進させるための取組みを概説する。

This report offers an overview of research initiatives led by two Japanese institutes to improve labor efficiency in construction projects. The National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management has been exploring approaches to upgrade ICT construction, such as creating an architecture for effectively sharing project progress data. The Public Works Research Institute has been promoting research and development to realize autonomous construction, in which construction machines operate without human operators to complete tasks.

＜抄録＞　ブロック積擁壁を含むプレキャストコンクリート製品は、現場打ちコンクリートと比べて工期短縮、省人化等の優位性が期待される。本稿では、ブロック積擁壁に着目し、プレキャストコンクリート擁壁の優位性を検証するとともに、大型化したブロック積擁壁の合理的な構築手法確立に向けた取り組みを紹介する。

Building precast concrete structures, including block retaining walls, is expected to offer a shorter construction period and better labor efficiency than building cast-in-place concrete structures. Our research focused on block retaining walls and investigated their construction process for these potential benefits. This report presents our findings and highlights other efforts to establish an efficient method to construct larger block retaining walls.

＜抄録＞　熟練技術者の減少に伴い、コンクリート分野では鉄筋配置が過密な個所や狭隘部等への確実なコンクリートの打込み、締固め作業が困難となりつつある。このため、従来のコンクリートよりも流動性を高めたコンクリートの実用化に向けた研究を進めている。このうち、打込み時の自由落下高さに関する検討内容を紹介する。

With declines in the number of skilled concrete technicians, it is becoming increasingly challenging to ensure the proper placement and compaction of concrete in densely-rebarred sections or narrow spaces. To address this challenge, we have developed concrete with improved fluidity compared with traditional options and are currently exploring ways to increase its use. This report explains one of our efforts, in which we conducted experiments to optimize the free fall height for concrete placement.

＜抄録＞　道路橋の老朽化に伴い、診断の信頼性確保や予防保全の推進等が求められている一方で、人口減少に伴いメンテナンスを担う技術者の不足が課題となっている。このためCAESARでは、これまでに蓄積した知見を集約し、橋梁診断を支援するシステムを開発しており、本報では、システム概要、検証等の取り組みを報告する。

While there is an urgent need for reliable structure diagnosis and preventive maintenance as road bridges are increasingly aging, Japan faces a shortage of maintenance engineers amid a population decrease. To address this problem, the Center for Advanced Engineering Structural Assessment and Research （ CAESAR ） has developed an AI-based bridge diagnosis support system by leveraging its accumulated data and knowledge. This report outlines this system and its development process, including validation.

＜抄録＞　労働人口が減少していく中、重要なインフラである道路構造物の老朽化対策を担うメンテナンス技術者の質を着実に確保していくことが求められている。本報では、地域において中核となる道路構造物のメンテナンス技術者の現場技術力の育成の観点から、国総研道路構造物研究部が地整等と連携して取り組んでいる活動について紹介する。

As the workforce in Japan diminishes, it is essential to ensure the quality of engineers responsible for leading projects to address the aging of road structures, which are crucial social infrastructure. To this end, the Road Structures Department of the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management has launched a joint training program with the regional development bureaus of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism to develop the on-site expertise of local engineers expected to play a leading role in road structure maintenance in their areas.

＜抄録＞　労働人口が減少していく中、土木技術者を戦略に育成してゆくためには、土木技術者の技術力と経験の関係を明らかにすることが有効と考えられる。本報では、地方整備局から国総研への出向経験、民間企業から国総研への交流研究員としての派遣経験を通じた技術者の学習の効果やそのプロセスを分析した結果を紹介する。

As the labor force decreases in Japan, it is effective to clarify the relationship between the technological capabilities and experience of civil engineers in order to strategically train them. This research analyzes the learning processes and effects in association with experience of civil engineers, such as secondment from regional development bureaus to the National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management（NILIM）and dispatch as guest researchers from private companies to NILIM.

＜抄録＞　シールドトンネルの変状としては、漏水のほか頻度は高くないもののひび割れ、うき・はく離等がある。これらは、トンネル施工時の一時的な作用や、供用中の様々な要因により顕在化すると考えられる。本報告では、施工時・点群データと変状の関連性を踏まえ、維持管理に有用と考えられる情報の体系化を試みた結果について報告する。

Besides leakages, which are a commonly listed deformation found in shield tunnels, there are other types of deformations, such as cracks, voids, and delaminations, though they are less frequent. These infrequent deformations are assumed to occur due to temporary actions during tunnel construction or various factors arising in service. This report discusses the results of our study, in which we systematized information deemed useful for tunnel maintenance and management, based on the relationship between construction phase data and point cloud data with these deformations.

＜抄録＞　道路橋等インフラの予防保全型維持管理の実現には、機能が低下する前に発見することが重要である。しかし、劣化と支承部の機能の関係が明らかでないことが原因で効果的な対策は困難である。そこで試験橋梁の鋼製支承に塩水を吹きかけ、約半年にわたりモニタリングした。その結果、支承可動部の腐食と変位追随機能の変化の関係を実証的に示した。

For preventive maintenance of road bridges and other infrastructures, it is important to detect the deterioration of their functions before it occurs. However, effective detection is difficult because the relationship between deterioration and the function of the bearing support is not clear. Therefore, the steel bearings of the test bridge were sprayed with salt water and monitored for about six months. The results empirically showed a relationship between rust of the steel bearing and deterioration in the movable function.

＜抄録＞　本稿では、直轄国道においてアスファルト舗装の同一区間で20年以上の長期にわたり継続して実施された客観的な追跡調査結果を用いて、過去の知見を検証するとともに、舗装の性状変化を予測することを目的として、各種供用条件等が舗装の性状の経年変化に与える影響について分析した。

In this report, we verify past findings using the results of an objective tracking survey conducted continuously for over 20 years in the same section of asphalt pavement on a national highway. We also analyze the impact of various usage conditions on the long-term changes of the pavement to predict prospective changes in pavement characteristics.

＜抄録＞　（国研）土木研究所では、共同研究を通じて、走行しながら舗装の構造評価を行うことができる新たな装置である移動式たわみ測定装置（MWD）の開発を行ってきた。本研究では、機械学習を用いて、MWDから得られたデータから効率的に舗装の構造評価を行う手法を提案した。

Public Works Research Institute has been conducting joint research to develop a new device called the Moving Wheel Deflectometer (MWD), which can evaluate the conditions of pavement roads while in motion. In this research, we propose a machine learning-based method to efficiently evaluate pavement structural conditions using data from the MWD.

＜抄録＞　現在ダム貯水池において、動植物プランクトンの調査は光学顕微鏡による同定が行われているが、諸々の理由により代替手法の検討が望まれている。本研究では、機械学習を基に、ResNetモデルによるプランクトン画像の自動分類を試みた。その結果、ResNet-152で適合率81%を達成することができた。一部の種では分類が困難であったものの、より多くの高品質な画像を取得することでさらなる改善が期待された。

Currently, the identification of phytoplankton and zooplankton in dam reservoirs is conducted using optical microscopy. However, the development of alternative methods is desired due to various reasons. In this study, we explored automated classification of plankton images using a ResNet-based machine learning model. As a result, the ResNet-152 model achieved an accuracy rate of 81%. Although some species were challenging to classify, further improvements are possible by training the model with more high-quality images.

＜抄録＞　洪水災害を引き起こす豪雨予測による被害軽減を目指し、領域気象予測モデルWRFとアンサンブルカルマンフィルターLETKFを用いたアンサンブル予測システムを用いて4つの洪水事例の豪雨予測を行った。台風や梅雨前線に伴う豪雨は比較的良い予測精度が得られたが、線状降水帯にともなう豪雨は過小評価傾向が大きかった。

In our research to predict heavy rainfall that causes flood disasters and mitigate resulting damage, we experimentally performed the prediction of heavy rainfall in the past four cases of flood disasters using an ensemble forecasting system equipped with the Weather Research & Forecasting (WRF) Model and the Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter (LETKF). The system achieved relatively good prediction accuracy for heavy rainfall due to typhoons and the early summer seasonal rain front. However, it significantly underestimated the heavy rainfall due to linear precipitation bands.

＜抄録＞　土木学会ではICT教育特別委員会を設置し、建設ICTの知識体系と教育・人材育成の方策について検討を進めている。本稿では、大学及び企業におけるICT教育の現状に関する調査結果について報告するとともに、今後、ICT/DX人材育成に向けて産官学が連携して取り組むべき課題について述べた。

The Japan Society of Civil Engineers has formed a special committee focused on ICT education to explore the knowledge framework and strategies for developing education and human resources in ICT for construction. This report presents the findings of research conducted on the current ICT education at universities and companies. It also discusses the challenges that industry, government, and academia should collaboratively address to produce ICT/DX experts for the future.

＜抄録＞　九州インフラDX人材育成センター（九州技術事務所）におけるインフラDX人材育成について、推進体制と特徴、インフラDX推進の課題と分析、課題に対する対応、九州インフラDX人材育成センターの利用状況と推移、人材育成に活用される主なコンテンツについて紹介する。

The Kyushu Technical and Engineering Office has been leading human resource development initiatives for infrastructure DX in the region. This report highlights the key features and operations of the organization and discusses challenges, along with analyses and solutions, in promoting infrastructure DX. The report also includes the organization’s utilization status and trends, as well as the primary content prepared for human resource development.

＜抄録＞　道路構造物には美観性のみならず損傷の発見、走行の安全性の観点から視認性が求められ、汚れが付きにくく落としやすい性能を評価する性能評価試験方法が（国研）土木研究所より公表されている。本報告では、土木研究センターが当該試験方法に準拠して実施している各試験の違いと試験の対象製品について概説した上で、実際の試験状況と留意点を紹介する。

Road structures require good visibility, besides reasonable aesthetics, to assist easy damage detection and safe driving. To ensure this quality, the Public Works Research Institute in Japan has established and published the performance evaluation methods to assess the dirt resistance and cleanability of road structures. This report outlines the differences and target structures regarding various tests conducted by the Public Works Research Center according to these methods and explains how these tests are performed along with key considerations.